Nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) is a derivative of vitamin B3 (niacin). It is also one of several precursors to nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+), an essential compound for cellular processes in the body. As people age, NAD+ levels tend to decline significantly. Scientists believe this may contribute to age-related health conditions.
Studies have shown that NMN bulk powder supplements can increase NAD+ levels. This can help reduce age-related inflammation, support cardiovascular health, and enhance brain function. Despite the potential anti-aging effects, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) recently banned the sale of NMN as a supplement. This ban came after the agency had already allowed companies to sell it. This sparked outrage among natural health advocates and the dietary supplement industry.
However, another compound has now emerged - dihydro nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMNH). It is being sold as an alternative to NMN on Amazon and other retail sites. This is a move by supplement companies. It may raise the same legal issues as NMN.
However more research is needed to determine its safety. However experts say bulk NMNH may be superior to NMN as an NAD+-enhancing compound.
Dr Robert Verkerk, Founder and Executive Scientific Director of the Alliance for Natural Health, says that NMNH is a reduced form of NMN. It works in a similar way to NMN. This is because they are both NAD+ precursors, but there appear to be some differences in the enzymatic pathways involved.
"Some recent laboratory studies suggest that Bulk NMNH powder may be more effective than bulk NMN powder in increasing NAD+ levels in the body," Dr Verkerk said. [1]
Dr Andrew Shao, senior vice president of global regulatory and scientific affairs at ChromaDex, said NMNH may be 5-10 times stronger than NMN in animals.
While research is limited, a 2021 study found that NMNH is a better NAD+ enhancer than NMN in laboratory studies and studies on organisms.
Results from a study published in 2021 also showed that NMNH increased NAD+ levels faster and more dramatically than NMN or nicotinamide ribose (NR). This is another NAD+ precursor. Scientists found that mice given this compound detected a rapid and sustained surge of NAD+ in their blood.
Dr Shao says that the safety of oral bulk NMNH powder is unclear. This is because there are no studies on its safety in animals or humans. The studies examining its NAD-enhancing effects were conducted by injecting NMNH. Therefore, the safety, efficacy, and stability of its oral form are unclear.
The FDA does not "approve" dietary supplements - including supplements like bulk NMNH powder - until the product is marketed. Instead, it monitors supplements by inspecting manufacturing facilities and looking at reports of adverse events associated with the product after it is sold to consumers.
Zapata-Pérez, R., Tammaro, A., Schomakers, B. V., Scantlebery, A. M. L., Denis, S., Elfrink, H. L., Giroud-Gerbetant, J., Cantó, C., López-Leonardo, C., McIntyre, R. L., van Weeghel, M., Sánchez-Ferrer, Á., & Houtkooper, R. H. (2021). Reduced nicotinamide mononucleotide is a new and potent nad+ precursor in mammalian cells and mice. FASEB Journal, 35(4), 1-17. Article e21456. https://doi.org/10.1096/fj.202001826R
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